Chiroptical interactions, which describe the specific effects arising from the circular polarization of light interacting with chiral materials, are at the core of numerous advances in physics, chemistry, and biology. They play a key role in fields such as biomolecular recognition, optically active materials, and polarized light emission. However, at the nanometric scale, these interactions remain poorly understood, particularly when it comes to connecting the phenomena observed in the near field and the far field. It is often (and mistakenly) assumed that a strong chiroptical response in the far field necessarily implies strong chirality in the near field. This oversimplification neglects complex phenomena such as hidden chirality, where strong near-field effects do not manifest in the far field. To overcome these limitations, a more refined characterization of chirality observables (such as optical chirality density, optical spin density, or the Mueller matrix) is essential. The BERNARDO project aims to address this challenge by designing nanostructures optimized to maximize these observables and by establishing fundamental connections between chiral phenomena in the near- and far-field regimes.